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日本电影导演--市川昆
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作者:未知 文章来源:电影百科 点击数 更新时间:2008-1-4 12:53:21 文章录入:贯通日本语 责任编辑:贯通日本语 |
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市川昆(1915年11月20日—),日文名市川 崑(いちかわこん),英文名Kon Ichikawa,原名市川仪一,日本著名电影导演和编剧,出生于日本三重县伊势。 早年生涯 1940年代前期,J.O.摄影所被并入P.C.L.公司和东宝电影发行公司,组成了东宝映画株式会社。市川昆转到东京工作,并结识了时任东宝公司翻译员的和田夏十,两人在市川昆完成处女作后结婚。 市川昆1946年的这部处女作是木偶戏《娘道成寺》,因过于传统被驻日美军查禁,拷贝随后丢失多年,后来方才寻获,现藏于法国电影资料馆。 《花开》是市川昆第一部剧情长片。 [编辑] 1950 - 1965年 也是在这一阶段,市川昆渐渐得到西方领域、世界范围内的认可,他还是能在三大电影节上全面开花,这一阶段的代表作正是《键》、《野火》、《缅甸竖琴》。 The majority of Kon Ichikawa's most highly regarded films were screenwritten by his wife, Natto Wada. This partnership began in 1949 with Design of a Human Being (Ningen moyo) and continued through to 1965 with Tokyo Olympiad (Tokyo orimpikku). She wrote thirty-four screenplays during that period, most of which were adaptations. Nadda had a talent for adapting other sources to the screen and that's where most of their partnership concentrated. 市川昆在五六十年代渐渐得到西方的认可。 two antiwar films with The Burmese Harp (Biruma no tategoto) and Fires on the Plain (Nobi), Alone on the Pacific (Taiheiyo hitori-botchi) and the technically formidable period-piece An Actor's Revenge (Yukinojo henge) about a Kabuki actor. Of his many literary adaptations, works including Tanizaki Junichiro's The Key (Kagi), Natsume Soseki's The Heart (Kokoro) and I Am a Cat (Wagahai wa neko de aru), about a mouse turned into a cat viewing the world from its unique perspective, and Yukio Mishima's Conflagration (Enjo), in which a priest burns down his temple to save it from spiritual pollution, were brought to the screen. [编辑] 1965年至今 到1965年的分水岭,对市川个人而言,恰逢和田夏十退出与日本电影倒退,同时市川昆和他多数同仁面对着相似的严峻局面:衰败产业的滑坡、新兴电视的冲击。很多导演处于无片可拍的地步,“四骑士”在这一阶段也不甚明朗。相比之下,市川昆还是幸运的。 Of the change Natto's departure marked, it is hard to extricate Natto from his work. The two worked very closely and shared many ideals. Whereas Kon can be said to be responsible for much for the black wit in his films (that trend certainly continue beyond Natto's departure), she also had a sardonic side, as evidence in many of her essays. Whereas people will attribute much of the humanity of his earlier films to Natto, humanity is still a major theme in his films post-Natto. About the only thing critics can agree on is that post-Natto Ichikawa's films had a definite lesser quality to them (with a few notable exceptions). 1976年,他又凭借《犬神家族》迅速寻找回人气号召。 2006年,他仍旧起用石坂浩二,加上年轻一代明星松岛菜菜子和深田恭子,重拍了《犬神家族》。 [编辑] 电影风格特征 It can be said that his main trait is technical expertise, irony, detachment and a drive for realism married with a complete spectrum of genres. Some critics class him with Akira Kurosawa, Kenji Mizoguchi and Yasujiro Ozu as one of the masters of Japanese cinema. 他长于拍摄讽刺喜剧片,创作构思风格独特,具有不同一般的幽默感。50~60年代,他一度致力于把文学作品搬上银幕,在影片中变换手法,探索新的戏路,因而这一时期的作品风格很不一致。 [编辑] 导演作品表
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